Minimally Invasive Dentistry (Caries Dissolution)

In Dentistry, caries dissolution refers to the process of removing or reversing dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay or cavities. Caries dissolution techniques are primarily aimed at stopping the progression of decay and preserving tooth structure. One of the key approaches used in caries dissolution is through the application of certain agents that help dissolve or soften the decayed portion of the tooth.

The most commonly used agent for caries dissolution is a group of chemicals called chelating agents. Chelating agents, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or citric acid, are applied topically to the affected area of the tooth. These agents work by binding to the minerals in the tooth's hard structure, including hydroxyapatite, which is the main component of enamel and dentin. By forming complexes with these minerals, the chelating agents help soften and demineralize the decayed portion of the tooth.

Once the carious tissue is softened, it can be more easily removed by mechanical means, such as with dental hand instruments or rotary instruments like drills. The process of caries removal is typically followed by the placement of a dental restoration, such as a filling or crown, to restore the tooth's form and function.

It's important to note that caries dissolution techniques are most effective in the early stages of decay when the damage is limited to the tooth's outer layers. In more advanced cases, when the decay has progressed deeper into the tooth, other treatment approaches such as dental fillings or root canal therapy may be necessary.

Furthermore, it's worth mentioning that prevention and regular oral hygiene practices, including brushing and flossing, are crucial in reducing the risk of dental caries. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings can also help detect and address dental caries at an early stage, potentially avoiding the need for more invasive treatment methods.